5-Bazı Meteor Gerçeklikleri

 

Bazı Meteor Gerçeklikleri

Gerçek	Örnekler	Açıklama
SADECE GERÇEKLER
Kayaların çoğu meteor değildir.	Bana her gün düzinelerce meteorun fotoğrafları gönderiliyor.	Şöyle düşünün: Otoyolda giderken görürseniz ve 4 tekerleği, 2 farı ve bir bagajı varsa, muhtemelen bir otomobildir, uzaylı bir uzay aracı değildir.
Bir meteor bulma şansı çok az.	ABD'nin rakamlarına bakın.	Deneyimli meteor avcıları bile buluntular arasında yıllarca gidebilir.
Yeni düşen bir meteor bulma şansı daha da azdır.	Meteoritical Society veritabanında arama yapın	1900'den bu yana, tanınan meteor "düşme" sayısı tüm Dünya için yaklaşık 690'dır. Bu yılda 6.3. Bunların sadece 98'i ABD'de gerçekleşti. Bu yılda 1'den az. Bir meteor düşmesinin gözlemlendiği zaman bile, deneyimli meteor avcıları bir hafta boyunca alacakaranlık için şafak avlarken sadece birkaç taş bulabilirler.
Ay veya Mars göktaşı bulma şansı daha da azdır.	Sadece 1000 meteordan sadece 1'i Ay'dan veya Mars'tan.	40 yıldır bir tane arıyorum ama bulamadım.
Eğer füzyon kabuğu yoksa, o zaman ne sen ne de ben bir kayayı sadece "bakarak" akondrit olarak tanımlayabiliriz.	akondritler	Akondritler karasal kayalara benziyor. Bir kayayı akondrit olarak ayırt etmek ve kayanın ne tür bir akondrit olduğunu belirlemek için sofistike kimyasal veya mineralojik testler gerektirir.
Bir kaya bulduysanız, bir meteorolabilir, ama kesinlikle bir meteordeğil.	meteor	Elinde meteor tutamazsın.
Eğer bir meteor gördüyseniz ve sonra bir taş bulduysanız, o zaman taş bir meteor değildir.	meteor	Meteor parçaları meteoru en son gördüğünüz yerden uzağa iner ve dünya yüzeyindeki tek bir noktadaki gözlemcilerin göktaşının parçalarını bulmalarına imkan yoktur.
Gökten düşen her şey göktaşı değildir.	thud	Gökyüzünden düşen çoğu şey (ve çoğu kaya) göktaşı değildir.
Göktaşı gibi görünen her kaya göktaşı değildir.	"Tıpkı bir meteora benziyor."	Bir kayanın sadece görünümünden, özellikle de bir fotoğrafta göktaşı olup olmadığını belirlemek genellikle mümkün değildir. Asteroitlerden, Ay'dan ve Mars'tan gelen meteoritler gibi akondritler, bazı ortak Dünya kayalarına çok benzeyebilir. Bunu söylemenin kibar bir yolu yok - "Bana göktaşı gibi görünüyor" diyerek benimle iletişime geçen çoğu insan ne arayacağını bilmiyor.
Bazı meteorlar meteora benzemiyor.	Kalahari 009	Eğer biri ofisime bu taşla girseydi, meteor olmadığını söylerdim.
FÜZYON KABUĞU VE REGMAGLYPTS
If it does not have a fusion crust, then it is probably not a meteorite.	füzyon kabuğumeteorit füzyon kabukları böyle görünüyor	Bazı meteoritlerin belirgin füzyon kabukları yoktur, ancak göktaşı sıcak bir çölden olmadığı ve binlerce yıl önce düşmediği sürece nadirdir. Genellikle bazı yaparak füzyon kabuğu vardır.
“Maybe the fusion crust got worn off.”	no fusion crust	If she is wearing a pretty dress and playing a grand piano on a stage with a symphony orchestra behind her, then she is probably a concert pianist. If she is jogging down the beach with her dog, then she might be a concert pianist, but probably not. How can you or I tell?
If it has some kind of rind, coating, or crust, the rind, coating, or crust is probably not a meteorite fusion crust and the rock is n0t a meteorite.	rinds, coatings, & crusts	There are numerous processes on Earth, such as chemical weathering, that cause rocks to have rinds, coatings, and crusts. Some of these, particularly desert varnish, can look remarkably like a meteorite fusion crust.
If it has a thick rind or coating, then it is not a meteorite.	too thick	Fusion crusts are thin because as soon as the exterior of the meteorite melts, the liquid is sloughed off due to of the high velocity of travel of the meteoroid through the atmosphere. The fusion crust does not build up, except perhaps on the trailing side. Meteorite fusion crusts are rarely more that 1-2 mm thick.
If the inside is the same color and shade as the outside, then it is probably not a meteorite.	fusion crust	Fusion crusts are usually darker than the interior of a meteorite.
Black, shiny surfaces are not necessarily meteorite fusion crusts.	polished rocks	Some dark, fine-grained-crystalline earth rocks can be rounded and polished by abrasion to the point where the surfaces become shiny like a meteorite fusion crust. Such rocks, however, are these same color and shade on the inside as the outside, unlike for a meteorite.
If it is big and it does not have regmaglypts, then it is probably not a meteorite.	regmaglypts	Not all meteorites have regmaglypts but big ones usually do. If it does not have a fusion crust, then it does not have regmaglypts.
Not all dimples are meteorite regmaglypts.	regmaglypts NOT	There are many terrestrial processes that lead to regmaglypt-like depressions in rocks.
Just because it has “flow lines” does not mean that is is a meteorite.	flow lines	There are terrestrial processes that lead to flow-like features on the surface of rocks. If it does not have a fusion crust, then it does not have meteorite flow lines.
MAGNETIC ATTRACTION AND METAL
If the rock does not rather strongly attract a cheap ceramic magnet, then it is probably not a meteorite.	magnetic attraction metal, iron, & nickel	Do not use a rare-earth (neodymium) magnet to test for magnetic attraction. A meteorite will attract a cheap ceramic (“refrigerator”) magnet or a compass.
If the rock attracts a cheap magnet but you cannot see shiny metal grains on a sawn or broken surface, then the rock is not a meteorite.	ordinary chondrite	Meteorites attract magnets because they contain iron-nickel metal. Earth rocks do not contain iron-nickel metal. Many Earth rocks attract magnets, however, because they contain the mineral magnetite.
If the rock contains shiny things that look like metal, but the rock does not attract a magnet, then the shiny things are probably not metal and the rock is not a meteorite.	metal, iron, & nickel	Some sulfide and oxide minerals look like metal. Micas are often shiny. The presence of shiny specks does not mean metal.
If it does not attract a cheap magnet, then it could still be a meteorite, but it is probably not.	metal, iron, & nickel	Some of the rarest types of meteorites, the achondrites, do not attract magnets for the same reason that most Earth rocks do not attract magnets – they do not contain magnetite of iron-nickel metal. But, achondrites are rare. Only 2.5% of the ~1500 stony meteorites that have been found in the U.S. are achondrites, and many of them do, in fact, contain metal and attract a magnet.
If the “rock” looks metallic but does not strongly attract a cheap magnet, then it is not a meteorite.	shiny	I have been sent chunks of silicon, aluminum, ferromanganese, chromium, and other industrial metals. All metal that you can see in a meteorite will attract a magnet.
If it is metallic and attracts a magnet, then it might be an iron meteorite, but it is probably not.	man-made metal things	Humans have been making and losing metal things for thousands of years. If it looks like metal and attracts a magnet, then you have to have it analyzed for iron, nickel, manganese, and chromium to determine whether it is man-made or an iron meteorite. If it does not attract a magnet, then it is not a meteorite.
If it looks metallic and you can bend it or break it, then it is not a meteorite.		Iron meteorites do not break, unless they are badly rusted.
If your metal detector says that the rock contains nickel, then it is lying.	no metal detectors	Metal detectors are not that smart. They might be able to tell nickels from pennies, but they cannot tell if iron metal contains enough nickel metal to be a meteorite.
BULK PROPERTIES AND SHAPE
If it is “heavy for its size,” then it might be a meteorite, but it is probably not.	density & specific gravity	The commonest kind of meteorite, the ordinary chondrites, contain iron-nickel metal. The metal makes them denser than most Earth rocks. Some Earth rocks, however, are denser than any stony meteorite. Most such “heavy for its size” Earth rocks that people find are iron oxide concretions.
If it is not heavy for its size, then it might be meteorite, but it is probably not.	density & specific gravity	Some rare meteorites, the achondrites, which do not contain metal, have low densities like common Earth rocks. Density is not all that useful for distinguishing meteorites from meteorwrongs.
If it consists of hematite or magnetite, then it is not a meteorite.	concretions	Iron-oxide nodules or concretions are the most common kind of meteorwrong sent to us. Highly weathered meteorites may contain some hematite, magnetite, and maghemite. Do a streak test.
If it is a big rock, then it is not a meteorite.	too big	Most stony meteorites are smaller than people think they are. If you like statistics, see this. Also, see this for the masses of the >70 individual stones that have been found from the recent fall of the Sutter’s Mill meteorite in California. Iron meteorites can be big, however: Willamette | XinJiang | Campo del Cielo | Hoba
If the rock is “really hard,” then it is probably not a meteorite.	hard	Because meteorites do not contain quartz (the hardest common terrestrial mineral), they are not very hard. An ordinary chondrite can easily be smashed with a hammer.
If it is spherical or circular, then it is probably not a meteorite.	spheres spherical pyrite concretions	There are processes on Earth that lead to spherical rocks (spheroidal weathering, tumbling and abrasion in water). These processes do not occur where most meteorites come from. Here is a photo of the only exception of which I am aware: Canyon Diablo spherules
If it is square, rectangular, hexagonal, or has flat sides or parallel sides, then it is probably not a meteorite.	too flat too rectangular too hexagonal	As above, flat sides and square corners are not consistent with an object that has come through the atmosphere.
If it is highly oblate (flat and thin), then it is not a meteorite.	too oblate	Except for Frisbees and flying saucers, oblate objects are not all that aerodynamically stable and would be break apart during the descent through the atmosphere.
If it is long and thin, then it is not a meteorite	long-thin	A rock or piece of metal with a high aspect ratio (length-to-width) is not aerodynamically stable and would break apart in the atmosphere.
If it is a glacial cobble, then it is not a meteorite.	cobble	Glacial cobbles are common on Earth, and they do not have fusion crusts.
If it is hollow, then it is not a meteorite.	hollow	Meteorites are not hollow.
If it is glass, glassy, or has conchoidal fractures, then it is not a meteorite.	glass	Some meteorites contain some glass, but none are solid glass
If it looks like a potato or some other vegetable, then it is not a meteorite.	potato rock	What more can I say.
If it looks like a brain, then it is not a meteorite.	brain	It is just a terrestrial sedimentary rock.
If it is stony (not iron) and has a really goofy, weird, or bizarre shape, then it is not a meteorite.	goofy	Meteorites do not look like this.
If you found a rock that was hot to touch or appears to have been subjected to “extreme heat,” then it is not a meteorite.	hot rock	Meteorites do not land “hot.”
If it is radioactive, then it is not a meteorite.	radioactive	Most meteorites are less radioactive than are most Earth rocks. The only meteorite of which I am aware to actually register on a Geiger counter is lunar meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir 169, which has 600-700 times the abundances of thorium and uranium than an ordinary chondrite.
EXTERIOR
If it is stony (not an iron) and has a rough exterior, then it is probably not a meteorite.	rough	For small meteoroids, 90% of the mass is lost to ablation as they comes through the Earth’s atmosphere. Rough surfaces do not survive the process – they are smoothed and rounded.
If it is angular, with sharp edges or points and no smooth sides, then it is probably not a meteorite.	angles and edges	For small meteoroids, 90% of the mass is lost to ablation as they comes through the Earth’s atmosphere. Edges and “corners” are the first parts to ablate away. Put an ice cube in water and wait for 90% to melt. The “cube” that is left will have no edges or points. It is like that with meteorites.
If it is stony (not iron) and has protuberances, then it is probably not a meteorite.	protuberances	For small meteoroids, 90% of the mass is lost to ablation as they comes through the Earth’s atmosphere. Any protuberances will break off or  ablate away.
If it has “craters” on the surface, they are not impact craters and the rock is not a meteorite.	asteroids and meteoroids	Asteroids have craters, meteorites do not. The surface material ablates away as the meteorite comes through the atmosphere. See next.
If it “looks burned,” it is probably not a meteorite.	burned	Meteorites do not burn. Meteorites are not burned. The outside has melted, but they have not burned and they do not “look burned.”
If it has internal swirls or coarse surface flow features, then it is not a meteorite.	swirls and flow features	Although there may be processes in space that can lead to such rocks, we have not seen meteorites like this yet.
If it has a pattern that radiates from the center, then it is not a meteorite.	radiating pattern	Although there may be processes in space that can lead to such rocks, we have not seen meteorites like this yet.
If it has concentric features, then it is not a meteorite.	concentric rings	Although there may be processes in space that can lead to such rocks, we have not seen meteorites like this yet.
If it has layers, laminations, or any kind of planar or parallel linear features, then it is definitely not a meteorite.	layers and stripes	99+% of meteorites come from asteroids that are too small to have any appreciable gravity. If there is no gravity, then there is no way to form layers. Here is the only exception I know about, and it is a terrestrial weathering effect.
If it has veins, particularly ones that stick out or appear to be planar, then it is not a meteorite.	veins	Melt veins are seen in some meteorites, but they are never linear. Rarely, there might be veins of impact melt (see NWA 482 and Harper Dry Lake 036). Some others have veins of metal. Most of the veins in these photos, however, are fractures that have filled with quartz. Quartz-filled fractures are common in Earth rocks but are not seen in meteorites.
If it has fractures or filled fractures, then it is probably not a meteorite.	fractures	If a meteoroid is fractured, then it will break apart along the fractures as it passes through the atmosphere. Ordinary chondrites that have been on or in the Earth a long time, will self fracture as they metal rusts, but they will look rusty and not like the rocks in the photos. (See story and photo of the Lake House chondrite, for example.)
If it is whitish on the outside, then it is not a meteorite.	too white	Most meteorites are shades of grays and browns; some may be reddish on the outside.
If there is writing or a picture on it, then it is not a meteorite.	picture	Meteorites do not fall out of the sky with writing or pictures on them. If you have or find a rock with writing or pictures, then it is probably not a meteorite.
If there is a face on it, then it is not a meteorite.	face	If you find a rock with a face on it, then it is not a meteorite.
INTERIOR
If it has a lot of vesicles (gas bubbles, holes) in it, then it is not a meteorite.	vesicles & amygdules more vesicles	Very few stony meteorites have vesicles or holes. In those that do, the holes are sparse and small.  Vesicles require gas and that the rock was once molten. Most meteorites were never molten. Iron meteorites sometimes have holes, however.
If it is glassy and vesicular, then it is not a meteorite.	glassy & vesicular = slag	It is probably a piece of slag, particularly if it attracts a magnet or has flow features on one surface.
If it contains lots of amygdules, then it is probably not a meteorite.	vesicles & amygdules more amygdules	Some hot-desert meteorites have terrestrial material filling rare vesicles.
If it is stony and has big holes in it, then it is not a meteorite.	big holes	Iron meteorites can have holes.
If it contains elongated minerals or clasts, then it is probably not a meteorite.	needles	It is rare for the aspect ratio of a clast or large mineral in a meteorite to exceed 3-to-1.
If it has clasts or minerals grains with square, rectangular, or parallelogram shapes, then it is probably not a meteorite.	geometric	Geometric shapes happen in terrestrial rocks, but the minerals that cause this are rare in meteorites.
If it contains round things, the round things are not necessarily chondrules.	round things	Lots of Earth rocks contain round things.
If it contains obvious quartz, then it is not a meteorite.	quartz	Quartz is the only common mineral that will easily scratch glass. Try to scratch glass with a sharp edge of the rock. If it makes a deep scratch, it is not a meteorite.
If it looks metallic and is shiny on the outside, then it is not a meteorite.	shiny	Some sulfide minerals look metallic and some non-ferrous metals are shiny.
If it contains fossils, then it is not a meteorite.	no fossils	If a rock contains fossils, then it is not a meteorite. Fossils occur in Earth rocks because there is life on Earth. Thus far, we do not have evidence of life on any of the places where meteorites come from, so if it has fossils, it is an Earth rock. If we ever find a meteorite that contain fossil life forms, that would be a big deal, but the burden of proof would be very heavy.
If it is reddish, violet, blue, green, yellow, or orange particularly on the inside, then it is probably not a meteorite.	too red | too green | too colorful	Most meteorites are shades of grays and browns; some may be reddish on the outside.
If it is transparent or translucent, it is not a meteorite.	transparent	So far, no one has found a transparent meteorite.
Just because it “looks like” one of the breccias on my lunar meteorites site does not mean that it is a meteorite or a Moon rock.	rocks that are not impact breccias but that look something like impact breccias	There are a number of geologic processes on Earth that lead to rocks that resemble impact breccias.
WHERE DID YOU FIND IT?
If it does not look like other rocks in the vicinity, then it might be a meteorite, but it is probably not.	rocks move	Glaciers, moving water and wind, and (most importantly) humans have moved, dropped, and placed a lot of unusual rocks far from where they came from.
If you found it on a beach, then it is not a meteorite.	beach	I am aware of only two meteorites, Southampton (pallasite) and Penouille (iron, IAB complex) that were found on a beach. Both are rich in iron metal. If a stony meteorite landed in the water and later washed up on a beach it would have lost its fusion crust as a result of abrasion by wave action. If it were an ordinary chondrite, it would likely have broken apart from rusting of the iron metal. If it survived as a rock, it would be all but impossible to identify as a meteorite just “by looking.” It would not look at all special, except maybe for some rusty spots.  But, who knows?  Nobody has ever found and recognized one!
If you found it in a stream bed, along a river, or any other place where there are lots of rocks, then it is almost certainly not a meteorite.	stream	With 2 exceptions that occur to me, successful meteorite hunters search for meteorites in places where there are not a lot of rocks. If you want to find your car easily, park it in an empty parking lot.
If you found it near a road or railroad track, then it is not a meteorite.	railroad	It may have fallen off a train or truck.
If it is in a conspicuous place, then it is not a meteorite.	conspicuous	Unless it is in a museum
If you found a lot of them in one place, then they are not a meteorites.	too many rocks	Meteorites break apart in the atmosphere 10 miles or more above the Earth’s surface. The fragments are spread out over miles (strewn field). The chances that 2 or more land within seeing distance are very small.
If you found a rock in a “crater,” then it is not a meteorite.	not a crater	There are several geologic (karst, glacial kettle), as well as anthropogenic (man-made), processes that make circular depressions in the ground. Meteorites hit the ground at terminal velocity, about 200-400 miles per hour. That is not fast enough to make a crater unless the rock is large (>meter size? I really do not know).
If it has been in your family for years, it is probably not a meteorite.	Grandpa’s old rock	But then…
SELLING & BUYING METEORITES
Many-to-most rocks sold over the Internet as meteorites really are meteorites; some are not. Advertisements for alleged meteorites that are filled with meaningless, pseudoscientific mumbo-jumbo and absurdly high prices are usually selling just rocks.	rocks that do not look like lunar meteorites to me caveat emptor	There are many reputable meteorite dealers that sell real meteorites on the Internet. I have bought several meteorite specimens from such dealers. However, there are foolish or devious people who try to sell backyard rocks as meteorites. Most rocks offered on e-bay for prices >$10,000 are not really meteorites. Sometimes you can buy a  cheap meteorwrong, however, but it is even cheaper to go find your own.
If you find a real meteorite, it is not worth as much ($) as you think or wish.	cheap	There are several factors that affect the price of a meteorite: rarity of the type of meteorite, how big or small it is, intrinsic attractiveness, whether it is a fall or a find, and whether there is a good story to go with it.
FINAL WORDS
Meteoroloji meteoritikle aynı şey değil.	meteoroloji vs meteoritics	Her iki kelime de atmosferik olayları içerir.
İngilizcede, meteoruhecelemenin tek bir yolu vardır.	Meteoritle yazılmış e-postalar aldım.	météorite, mateorite, mateorito, matreot, matronite, meadorite, meatioright, meator, meatorite, medeiorite, medeorite, mederite, mederoite, mediroit, medorite, medrolite, meeorite, meetyouwrite, mentor, mentor rite, meorit, meoterit, meotorit, meroit, mereorit, merteorite, met5eorite, metaroide, mete, meteeor, meteiorate, meteiorrite, meteiright, meteirite, metemorite, météo, meteoiarte, meteoite, meteorait, meteorete, meteoriit, meteoriit, meteori meteorit, meteorit, meteorit, météorite, meteorith, meteorito, meteoritote, meteoritre, meteoritt, meteoritte, meteormu, meteoro, meteorolit, meteorprite, meteorit, meteorit, meteorit, meteorit, meteorit, meteorit, meteorit, meteprite, metre, meteriight, meteriod, meteriorite, meteriot, meteriote, meterit, metermortie, meteroide, meteroit, meteroit, meteror, meterorit, meterote, meterotie, meteroyty, meterrite, meterrite, metetro, meteurite, metheorite, metiorit, metiorit, metioret, metiorit metiorite, metoerite, metor, metoor, metorie, metorit, metorit, metortie, metoroite, metreot, metrio, metriote, metrite, métrite, metroit, metroite, metrorite, metterrite, meturat, metworite, maturat, miderorite, miteoret, miteorite, moteor, motoit, mrtrorite, & mteorite
Martin (bir uzman) tarafından önerildi: "Bir uzman size kayanızın göktaşı olmadığını söylüyorsa, o zaman: Ona inanın!"	Veya başka bir uzmanın tavsiyesine başvurmak. Ama unutmayın - tanıdığım tüm meteorit uzmanları, meteorit bulucu özentisi tarafından sorularla o kadar dalmış ki, büyük olasılıkla cevaplamayacaklar.	Günde 20 kez bağlantıya geçiyorum. Bu yüzden, sizinle sohbet etmeye vaktim yok ve özgür fikirlerime katılmıyorsanız sizinle tartışmakla ilgilenmiyorum. Emekli oldum. Yanıtımı beğenmediyseniz, başka biriyle iletişime geçin.
Corollary: Bir "uzman" kayanızın bir göktaşı olduğunu söylüyorsa, başka bir görüş arayın.	Uzman diyor ki: "Evet, bu kesinlikle bir meteor." Uzman kaç tane gerçek meteor gördü?	Yerel kolejlerde, üniversitelerde ve müzelerde "uzmanların" çoğu başka bir konuda uzmandır.

Bu sayfanın önceki bir sürümünü eleştiren bir eleştirmen, "Meteorit tanımlarınız her zaman diğer Bilim adamları veya Jeologlarla aynı değildir, mesleğinizdeki biri Yanlıştır!!!!!" dedi. Doğru, kısmen. Öte yandan, Winston Churchill'in (tamamen farklı bir şey hakkında) "Dünyada çok fazla yalan var ve en kötüsü de yarısı doğru" dediği iddia ediliyor. Uzlaşma: Bu ifadelerin hepsinin bazı zamanlar doğru olmadığını kabul ediyorum. Ayrıca, bunlar "tanımlar" değildir;